Debugging Guide

A comprehensive approach to finding and fixing bugs efficiently

Debugging Fundamentals

Debugging is both an art and a science. The best debuggers combine systematic thinking with creative problem-solving. This section covers the fundamental principles that apply to debugging in any language or environment.

Understanding the Bug

  • Reproduce the bug consistently
  • Isolate when and where it occurs
  • Identify expected vs. actual behavior
  • Look for error messages and logs
  • Determine if it's a regression or new issue

Inspection Methods

  • Console/print debugging
  • Using breakpoints and stepping
  • Examining variable state
  • Call stack analysis
  • Environmental inspection

The Scientific Method for Debugging

  1. Observe: Gather information about the bug
  2. Hypothesize: Form a theory about what's causing it
  3. Experiment: Test your hypothesis
  4. Analyze: Evaluate the results
  5. Repeat: If the bug persists, form a new hypothesis